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Sand mining is one issue that is affecting Australias coastal areas. It is a process of extracting sand from beaches or an open pit to be made into concrete. Another reason is for minerals such as rutile, ilmenite and zircon. Sand mining also affects wild life, for example, sea turtles depend on sandy beaches for their nesting but when people sand mine, it reduces the amount sand from the beaches, therefore lessening to chance of sea turtles nesting.